The Keynes Project: A Critical Analysis of the Economics of John Maynard Keynes

Gary North

John Maynard Keynes was the most influential economist of the twentieth century. This speaks poorly of the twentieth century.

In October 2009, I wrote an article for Lew Rockwell in which I outlined a plan to refute Keynes, line by line. I wrote it for a younger, untenured academic economist at some private college or obscure university who is willing to devote his career to the task. I still hope such a person takes up my challenge. I am not optimistic, however.

I have shifted focus here. The Keynes Project is a model for a multimedia effort. It focuses on his 1936 book, The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, but it is not limited to this volume. It considers his earlier writings as a prelude to The General Theory.

The Keynes Project project must be both offensive and defensive, as any comprehensive critique should be. It must show what was wrong with Keynes' economic theory, but it must use these critiques to provide an introduction to what is correct in economics.

The project must be guided by a single principle, a single theme: to refute Keynes' single theme. This is that theme: government deficits cure recessions. The project must ask two questions.

1. If the problem is insufficient demand, where does the state confiscate the resources necessary to increase demand?
2. What would the original resource owners have done with these resources?

Always return to these two questions.

Keynes made the mistake that Bastiat warned against: the fallacy of the thing not seen. It is the broken window fallacy.

It goes back to one source: Bernard Mandeville's poem, The Grumbling Hive (1705). This is why Keynes in The General Theory quotes from it. Refute it. Start here: //www.garynorth.com/public/13333.cfm.

Then go to J. B. Say. Defend him. Show that Keynes misrepresented Say's law.

Then go to the classic refutation of Keynes: Henry Hazlitt's The Failure of the "New Economics" (1959).

This project is governed by this presupposition: You can't beat something with nothing. It is not just that Keynes was wrong. It is that he was wrong in specific ways, violating specific insights of generations of previous economists, but especially those of Ludwig von Mises and F. A. Hayek, Keynes' chief rival in 1935.

A full-scale critique involves the creation of multiple products:

Monographs on specific technical issues
Professional journal articles
Textbooks suitable for an upper-division course
Glossary for The General Theory: past usage, Keynes' usage
Line-by-line critique of The General Theory
Popular books aimed at non-economists
Study guides for general books
Magazine articles suitable for The Economist
Magazine articles suitable for The Atlantic Monthly
Newspaper articles suitable for The Wall Street Journal
On-line video/audio presentations suitable for an upper-division class
Shorter on-line video presentations suitable for YouTube
Blog sites on specific topics
Discussion forums on specific topics
Talking-head videos such as this PBS segment.
Rap videos as good as this one:

Here are some starter articles.

Refuting Keynes, Line by Line
Gary North - September 30, 2020

This still needs to be dome.... keep reading

In The Long Run We Are (Not) All Dead: The Anti-Christian Economics of John Maynard Keynes
Ken Ewart - December 24, 2019

I don't know who or where Ken Ewart is.... keep reading

Paul Samuelson on The General Theory
Gary North - December 03, 2019

He knew the book was obscurely written.... keep reading

Bibliography of Refutations of Keynes, Compiled by Walter Block
Gary North - December 03, 2019

This a good start.... keep reading

Two Simple Questions That Keynesians Prefer Not to Answer
Gary North - February 20, 2019

Once you know them, you will be immunized against the dominant economic quackery of our era.... keep reading

How Blind Is Paul Krugman? This Blind!
Gary North - November 01, 2016

Keynesianism makes high IQ people dumber than slugs.... keep reading

Keynes: The Crackpot Economist of ZIRP
Gary North - August 31, 2016

We now live in the Keynesian world of free lunches. It will not last.... keep reading

The Keynes Project: Update
Gary North - August 15, 2016

It needs to be done. It has not been launched. Why not?... keep reading

Keynes Must Die
Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr - May 24, 2016

Like Bela Lugosi's Dracula, Keynesianism keeps coming back from the dead.... keep reading

Gallup Sends a Signal: Big Government Is Feared
Gary North - December 29, 2015

There is an opportunity here.... keep reading

Keynes, the Great Depression, and the Coming Great Default
Gary North - June 26, 2015

Keynes won in the aftermath of the Great Depression. Who will win in the aftermath of the Great Default?... keep reading

Undermining John Maynard Keynes
Gary North - February 19, 2015

Of necessity, this is a one-man project. Here's why.... keep reading

Founders, Priesthoods, and Civilization
Gary North - February 13, 2015

No one has decided to begin the Keynes project. I am not surprised.... keep reading

The Fable of the Bees Revised
Gary North - January 13, 2015

This is my response to the most influential poem in history.... keep reading

On Replacing the Keynesian Establishment
Gary North - November 01, 2014

There is no plan or program to do this.... keep reading

How 1936 Consolidated the Progressives' Triumph in 1913
Gary North - October 25, 2014

Answer: Because 1787 and 1865 had laid the foundations.... keep reading

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